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Database Management Basics
Database management is a method of coordinating the information that supports a business’s operations. It involves storing data, disseminating it to applications and users and editing it when needed and monitoring changes to the data and stopping data corruption due unexpected failure. It is part of the informational infrastructure of a company that assists in decision making and corporate growth as well as compliance with laws like the GDPR and California Consumer Privacy Act.
In the 1960s, Charles Bachman and IBM among others developed the first database systems. They evolved into the information management systems (IMS) which allowed for the storage and retrieve huge amounts of information for a range of uses, from calculating inventory to supporting complicated human resources and financial accounting functions.
A database is a collection of tables that organizes data according to an established pattern, such as one-to many relationships. It utilizes primary keys to identify records, and allow cross-references between tables. Each table contains a set of fields called attributes that represent facts about data entities. The most widely used type of database currently is a relational model, designed by E. F. “Ted” Codd at IBM in the 1970s. This design is based upon normalizing data to make it more user-friendly. It is also easier to update data since it doesn’t require the modification of certain sections of the database.
Most DBMSs are able to support different types of databases, offering internal and external levels of organization. The internal level is concerned with cost, scalability, and other operational issues, such as the physical layout of the database. The external level is the representation of the database in user interfaces and applications. It may include a mix of various external views based on different models of data and may also include virtual tables that are calculated with generic data to enhance the performance.
